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JEH Quiz #1 (July/August 2009)

Featured Article:
“Association of Self-Reported Leisure-Time Physical Inactivity With Particulate Matter 2.5 Air Pollution”

Questions compiled by author

Xiao Jun Wen M.D. and co-author Lina Balluz, D.Sc., M.P.H.

Available to NEHA members only, the JEH Quiz, offered six times per calendar year through the Journal of Environmental Health, is a convenient tool for self-assessment and an easily accessible means to accumulate continuing-education (CE) credits toward maintaining your NEHA credentials.

It's a simple process...

Read the featured article in the Journal.
Select the correct answer to each JEH Quiz question and click on the Submit button at the bottom of the page.
One CE credit will be applied to your account with an effective date of July 1, 2009 (first day of issue).
Check your continuing-education account online.

Quiz deadline: October 1, 2009

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1.	Particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 m (PM2.5) is a mixture of solid, liquid, or solid and liquid particles that are suspended in the air.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
2.	PM2.5 comes mostly from the emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels from stationary sources, such as heating and power generation, and in motor vehicles.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
3.	According to the review article by Schwartz in 1991, ambient air pollution has been associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
4.	Physical inactivity is a risk factor that increases the incidence of at least 17 unhealthy conditions and mortality from chronic diseases.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
5.	Based on literature, factors correlated with physical inactivity in the general population include (select all that apply):
	a.	socioeconomic status and educational level.
	b.	older age, race, and lack of time and exercise equipment and fear of pain or injury.
	c.	presence of an underlying chronic disease.
	d.	both a and b.
	e.	a, b, and c.
6.	U.S. EPA uses predicted concentrations of each pollutant each day to calculate air quality index (AQI) scores for public health alerts.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
7.	In the final analysis, the goal of problem-based instruction is to produce all of the following except
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
8.	Adjusted OR of leisure time physical inactivity by the annual mean of PM2.5 concentration, in logistic regression Model #2 is
	a.	1.17 (95% CI = 1.01–1.36) for male.
	b.	1.12 (95% CI =1.03–1.23) for both female and male.
	c.	1.17 (95% CI = 1.01–1.36) for female.
	d.	both a and b.
	e.	none of the above.
9.	Adjusted OR of leisure time physical inactivity by the annual mean of PM2.5 concentration, in logistic regression Model #3 is
	a.	1.12 (95% CI = 1.02–1.24) for female.
	b.	1.19 (95% CI = 1.02–1.39) for male.
	c.	1.16 (95% CI = 1.06–1.27) for both female and male.
	d.	both a and b.
	e.	a, b, and c.
10.	According to the study, leisure time physical inactivity was associated with PM2.5 pollution with statistical significance with and without adjustment to demographic variables, annual income, smoking, body mass index, health status, disability, asthma, seasonality, and geographic region.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.
11.	According to the study, the percentage of the respondents aged ≥18 years reported leisure time physical inactivity was about
	a.	18%.
	b.	20%.
	c.	25%.
	d.	both a and b.
	e.	all of the above.
12.	According to the authors’ suggestion, it is important that individuals living in communities with high levels of PM2.5 should not simply become physically inactive but instead should pursue alternative physical activity choices, such as indoor activities.
	a.	True.
	b.	False.